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Gata Kamsky ((タタール語:Ğata Kamski, Ğataulla Röstäm ulı Sabirov); Гата Камский, Гатаулла Рөстәм улы Сабиров; ; born June 2, 1974) is a Tatar descent Soviet-born American chess grandmaster, and a former World Rapid Chess Champion. As of May 2012, he was rated No. 2 in the United States and No. 14 in the world. Kamsky was a prodigy who reached the final of the FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 at the age of 22, and reached a ranking of fourth in the world rankings in 1995. He played almost no FIDE-rated games between 1997 and late 2004. Kamsky won the Chess World Cup 2007. This earned him a match against Veselin Topalov for the right to challenge for the World Chess Championship 2010, which he lost.〔 World Chess Challenge 2009〕 Kamsky played in the Candidates Tournament to determine the challenger for the World Chess Championship 2012, where he advanced to the semifinals before losing to Boris Gelfand. He is a five-time U.S. Champion. ==Early career== Kamsky was born in Novokuznetsk in Russia, in a Tatar family. Gata's last name, Kamsky, is derived from the stage nickname of his grandfather Gataullah "Kamsky" Sabirov, the founder of the Tatar Drama Theater in Kazan.〔(The Second Coming of Gata Kamsky. Sovietsky Sport, 30th May 2006 )〕〔(Tatars in Chess, Tatarfact.ru )〕 At age 12 he defeated veteran Grandmaster Mark Taimanov in a tournament game. He also earned his National Master title in that year. He won the Soviet under-20 championship in 1987 and 1988.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=36th USSR Junior Chess Championship, Kapsukas, January 5–18, 1987 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=37th USSR Junior Chess Championship, Ivano–Frankovsk, January 5–18, 1988 )〕 In 1989 he moved to the United States with his father Röstäm (also spelled Rustam), a former boxer who dominated Gata, made him study chess almost exclusively and acted as his coach and manager. Businessman James Cayne provided financial support to the Kamskys. In 1989, Gata Kamsky won a tournament in New York to earn the right to challenge Garry Kasparov to a two-game match; he lost that match later that year 0–2.〔 In 1990, while aged 16 and still untitled, he played in the 64-player Interzonal tournament in Manila, the first step towards the World Chess Championship. He finished with 5½ / 13.〔(1990 Interzonal ), Mark Weeks' Chess Pages〕 In 1990, FIDE awarded Kamsky the grandmaster title. In 1991, he won the U.S. Championship. Kamsky also did well at other prestigious chess tournaments, winning the Las Palmas tournament in 1994. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gata Kamsky」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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